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Gender: Nouns

In ancient Egyptian, nouns are either masculine or feminine. This includes non-human nouns. For example, "name" rn is masculine while "boat" dpt is feminine.

Designating nouns as either masculine (m) or feminine (f) is referred to as gender.

You can identify feminine nouns by the t , loaf of bread sign, at the end but before any determinative or logogram signs.

Gender: Adjectives

Adjectives describe nouns. This is referred to as "modifying" the noun.

The adjective follows the noun in Egyptian. Thus, "a good name" is written rn nfr, literally, "a name, a good one".

Adjectives have both masculine and feminine forms depending on the nouns they modify.

You can construct the feminine adjective form by adding the t , loaf of bread sign, to the end of the masculine form but before any determinative or logogram signs.

Masculine and Feminine Adjective Forms

Number: Nouns and Adjectives

Number refers to singular (s) or plural (pl) designation.

The masculine plural designation for nouns and adjectives is w , the quail chick sign.

The feminine plural designation for nouns and adjectives is wt, the quail chick and loaf of bread signs.

A feminine plural noun is often found with a feminine singular adjective t.

Another designation for plurality is three lines.

Nouns and Adjectives: Agreement

The examples above demonstrate agreement. This means that if a noun is masculine, singular then the adjective must be masculine, singular.

If the noun is feminine, singular then the adjective must be feminine, singular. Thus they "agree".

And so on for plurals, the exception being the feminine plural noun with a feminine singular adjective.

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